Ma-Tsu
Zen Buddhist monk in fable
Zen Buddhist monk in fable
collection of Welsh tales, compiled in the 14th and 15th centuries
pseud. of Pierre Dumarchey, French writer, 1882-1970, author of Masques sur mesure
Portuguese colony in China
Fishburn and Hughes: "A Portuguese colony on the South China Sea, the earliest European port in the Far East, dating from the sixteenth century. It was later identified with smuggling and gambling." (122)
Mexican bandit in popular verses
English essayist and historian, 1800-59, author of Lays of Ancient Rome, a History of England and numerous Essays
Thomas Babington Macaulay's father, 1760-1838, a philanthropist and abolitionist
Scottish king, d. 1057, subject of Shakespeare play
Shakespeare tragedy, c. 1606
Fishburn and Hughes: "In the context of the assassination of Fergus Kilpatrick, the allusion to Macbeth, as well as to Julius Caesar, emphasises the literary quality of the 'scheme conceived' by the character Nolan and its predetermined nature. Warnings of death dominate the plots of both plays, unheeded by Caesar and misunderstood by Macbeth. See Julius Caesar." (122)
Thane of Fife, character in Shakespeare's Macbeth, drawn from Holinshed's Chronicle
region in northern Greece and southern former Yugoslavia
Fishburn and Hughes: "An ancient nation in the Balkan peninsula on the Aegean corresponding nowadays to parts of Bulgaria, Greece and Yugoslavia." (122)
Macedonius, bishop of Constantinople from 342 to 360, heterodox theologian associated with the Homoiousians and Pneumatomachi
Fernández Latour book, 1980
Austrian physicist and philosopher, 1838-1916
Spanish poet, 1875-1939, author of Campos de Castilla, Juan de Mairena and other works
Spanish poet and playwright, 1874-1947, author of Caprichos, Cante hondo and other works
Argentine colonel, 1823-1909, important in the Argentine army's campaigns against the Indians in the province of Buenos Aires
Fishburn and Hughes: "An Argentine military commander who in 1863 directed a campaign against the Indians in the southern pampas. The suggestion that Martín Fierro was conscripted to his forces is not mentioned in the poem." (122)
woman for whom Borges wrote one or perhaps two love poems
British author, 1863-1947, author of The London Adventure
Máquina de leer los pensamientos, Maurois, 1937
bazaar in Calcutta
Uruguayan woman, first person to be buried in Recoleta cemetery in Buenos Aires
US poet and critic, 1892-1982
character in Priestley's The Doomsday Men, said to have been based on Rosalind Russell
lieutenant general in British army, 1869-1952, author of numerous works on India and military history
British official in India, publisher of an edition of the Arabian Nights, Calcutta, 1839-42
town in Georgia
Scottish poet, 1736-1796, author of Ossianic poems
Roman writer who lived during the early fifth century. Author of the Saturnalia.
scholar of US literature, 1877-1932, author of The Spirit of American Literature
character in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
island off east Africa
Argentine film version of the Flaubert novel, directed by Carlos Schlieper, 1947
Flaubert novel, 1857
Spanish literary scholar and biographer, 1886-1978
town in the Campania, Italy
character in Borges story La muerte y la brujula
Portuguese island off Africa in the Atlantic
capital city of Wisconsin
city in southern India, now called Chennai
Fishburn and Hughes: "A seaport in south-east India." (122)
Grendel's mother, monster in Beowulf
Parodi: “La madre María no hace milagros.”: María Salomé Loredo Otaola de Zubiza (1854-1929), nacida en España, se radicó en la Argentina desde 1869. En 1881, gravemente enferma, visitó a Pancho Sierra (1831-1891), el ‘Gaucho Santo Argentino’, miembro de la Sociedad Espiritista de Alan Kardec (cf. “Doce” i §5) y reputado por sus dotes sobrenaturales, por sus poderes telepáticos y por las curaciones que realizaba por imposición de manos. María Loredo, pronto conocida como ‘la Madre María’, se convirtió en su discípula y continuadora. En 1891 inició su labor de curandera y de prédica del Evangelio en su Misión de Turdera (cf. “Signo” §11). El Culto a la Madre María, se rinde especialmente el Día de la Madre y el Día de Los Muertos.
Matka, Capek anti-fascist play, 1938
capital of Spain
Tulio Herrera book of poems, 1961
poem by Wilhelm Klemm, translated by Borges
statue in Brussels
Belgian author, 1862-1949, author of Pelléas et Mélisande and other works, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1911
ancient kingdom in India, part of Bihar south of the Ganges
Brazilian poet, author of Versos, 1933
Magariños Cervantes (1825–1893) was an Uruguayan writer and lawyer.
city in Saxony, Germany
Argentine actress
Rabbi Dov Baer, the Maggid of Mesritch or Mezeritz, second leader of Hasidim, d. 1772
Chesterton, play, 1913.
Argentine musician and tango songwriter (1880-1934)
French classical scholar, 1879-1952, translator of Homer
Benito Larrea's quinta in Bustos Domecq story
Viking warrior, died in Dublin
Magnus the Good, son of Olaf, Norwegian king, subject of a saga by Sturla Thordarson
Sturla Thordarsson's saga about king Magnus of Norway
Icelandic scholar, librarian at the University of Cambridge, 1833-1913, translator with William Morris of the Volsunga Saga
Icelandic historian and antiquarian, scholar of the sagas, 1781-1847
enemy of the people of Israel, perhaps a region from which Gog comes
French writer, 1877-1941, theosophist and author of a travel book on India
Arabic name for the west, usually referring to northwest Africa
Egyptian traveler to Persia
Mainz, German city
Hindu epic poem, c.500 B.C.
character in Cervantes
Vardhamana or Jina, Jain god, perhaps based on a historical figure who organized the Jain religion
Fishburn and Hughes: "The title given to Vardhamäna, the last of the twenty-four legendary patriarchs and founders of Jainism, a religion widespread in west India. Jainism conceives the universe as infinite and formed as a slender human figure with legs apart and arms akimbo surrounded by three layers of atmosphere. Mahavira preached severe asceticism, which involved renunciation of violence and all physical pleasures and respect for all living and non-living things." (122-23)
Muhammad Ahmad, Muslim religion leader in the Sudan, 1844-85
Fishburn and Hughes: "Arabic al-Mahdi, meaning 'the guided one': the name given in Islam to the future restorer of the Islamic faith to the world. Reference is to the Mahdi Mohammed Ahmed (1844-1885) who put an end to Egyptian domination in the Sudan. Claiming divine inspiration, the Mahdi overcame the 8,000 strong army of General Hicks. In 1885, after a long siege, he captured Khartoum and murdered General Gordon." (123)
Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Mahdi, Shia Imam, b. 869 and "occulted" 70 years later
Persian Sufi poet, author of the Gulshan i Raz or The Mystica Rose Garden, c.1320
Mahmud of Ghazni, Afghan conqueror, 971-1030, who ordered the compilation of The Surviving Monuments of Past Generations, The Canon dedicated to Mas'ud, and India
Mohammed or Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, 570?-632
Fishburn and Hughes: "Arabic for 'praised one': the name of the prophet and founder of Islam to whom, according to the tradition, the angel Gabriel revealed the infallible word of God. The saying before bowing to the inevitable, 'If the mountain will not come to Mohammed, Mohammed must go to the mountain', refers to the story of Mohammed who, when asked for a miraculous proof of his teaching, ordered Mount Safa to come to him and, as it did not move, said, 'God is merciful. Had it obeyed my words it would have fallen on us to our destruction. I will therefore go to the mountain, and thank God that He has had mercy on a stiff-necked generation.'" (131)
Irving biography, 1849- 1850
character in Eça's Os Maias
Russian poet and dramatist, 1893- 1930
Parodi: Vladimir Maiakovski (1893-1930) fue un poeta y dramaturgo revolucionario ruso y una de las figuras más relevantes de la poesía rusa de comienzos del siglo XX. Iniciador del futurismo ruso, publica en 1912 el manifiesto de ese movimiento en La bofetada al gusto del público.
Eça de Queiroz novel, 1888
town in Massachusetts
character in Borges story, alias of Emmanuel Zunz
Moses ben Maimon, Jewish rabbi, physician and philosopher, 1135-1204, author of the Guide for the Perplexed
Fishburn and Hughes: "A Jewish philosopher, jurist and physician, born at Cordoba and forced to flee from Spain in the persecutions of 1149. He settled first in Fez and then in Cairo, where he became head of the Jewish community and also physician to the Sultan. Maimonides was the leading Jewish thinker of the Middle Ages. His Commentary on the Talmud contains a codification of Jewish religious doctrine, its interpretation by existing authorities and his own comments on their moral and philosophical implications. His major philosophical work, written in Arabic, is the Guide for the Perplexed. Basing his interpretation of Judaism upon the systems of Aristotle, Maimonides seeks to achieve a harmony between reason and faith. The Guide was translated into Latin as early as the thirteenth century and exerted a profound influence upon Christian as well as Jewish and Moslem thought. Regarding dreams, in book 2 chs 36-8 of the Guide Maimonides discusses the relationship between prophecy, or divine emanations, and dreams. Breaking with traditional interpretations of the dream as a means of protection from anticipated danger, he develops his idea of the dream as a vision in which the action of the imaginative faculty becomes so perfect that you can see a thing as if it were outside you, and the thing which is produced in the dream appears as if by external sensation. Ch. 36 includes quotations of famous sayings, such as 'Dream is one sixtieth of prophecy', The windfall of prophecy is one dream' and 'If there be a prophet among you, I the Lord will make myself known to him in a dream' (Numbers 12:6). Although the discussion includes many ideas which seem closely relevant to Borges's story 'The Secret Miracle', the exact assertion attributed by the narrator to Maimonides has not been traced. The idea mentioned in the story that the final interpretation of dreams rests with God stems from Genesis 40:8." (123)
Collection of nouvelles by Guy de Maupassant (1889).
Lewis novel, 1920
state in United States
French nobleman who is said to have published a book at the age of seven, apparently Louis Auguste de Bourbon, 1670-1736
Philipp Batz, German philosopher, 1841-1876, author of Die Philosophie der Erlösung
plain near Santiago, Chile, site of a battle between San Martin and the Spanish forces in 1818, often spelled Maipu
Fishburn and Hughes: "A battle fought on 5 April 1818, some ten miles south of Santiago, Chile, in which General San Martín finally defeated the royalist forces, thus securing the independence of Chile. This victory enabled San Martín to reorganise his army and embark on the last lap of his campaign for the emancipation of southern South America, notably the liberation of Peru." (123)
street in Buenos Aires where Borges lived in the last decades of his life
Parodi: en los años cuarenta, Borges vivió con su madre en la calle Maipú 994, a una cuadra de la Plaza San Martín, en el barrio de Retiro.
character in James Curtis's The Gilt Kid
Collection of nouvelles by Guy de Maupassant (1881).
French novelist, 1763-1852, author of Voyage autour de ma chambre
next Buddha
the second of four Nikayas in the Buddhist scriptures
Shaw play, 1907
Scholem, 1941
character in Grettirs Saga
street in Buenos Aires
city in southern Spain
street in Geneva
Prominent dictionarist from Puerto Rico (1878-1967). Author of Diccionario de americanismos
nickname of Guelf leader, the lord of Verucchio, d. 1312
street in Olivos, suburb of Buenos Aires
Work by W. W. Skeat, 1900.
country, now Malaysia
Malcolm III , Scottish king, 1057-93, character in Shakespeare's Macbeth
character in Priestley's The Doomsday Men, said to be based on Leslie Howard
place in Essex, England where battle of Maldon was fought in 991
Old English poem about a battle between the Northmen and the English in 991
Arroyo Maldonado, stream that crosses the city of Buenos Aires, now covered over
Fishburn and Hughes: "A small stream which marked the northern boundary of the city of Buenos Aires. The surrounding area, Palermo, was reputedly rough, as recalled by Borges in his 'Autobiographical Essay'. Today Maldonado forms part of the city's sewers and flows in pipes beneath the Avenida Juan B. Justo. The 'brook' referred to here is the Maldonado." (123-24)
Parodi: “me salvó la vida hace un rato, cuando la última creciente del Maldonado”: hasta 1929, el arroyo Maldonado era uno de los límites naturales de la ciudad de Buenos Aires; se extendía a cielo abierto aproximadamente desde el barrio de Liniers, en el extremo oeste, hasta Palermo, sobre el Río de la Plata. Con el tiempo, el Maldonado se convirtió en un depósito de basuras y desperdicios que, cuando llovía, se transformaba en una enorme laguna; era muy temido por sus desbordes y por las frecuentes inundaciones que provocaba (de ahí la ironía que encierra el “hace un rato” en el enunciado citado en esta entrada: “hace un rato, cuando la última creciente del Maldonado”). Las excavaciones para entubarlo comenzaron en 1929 y en 1936, ya entubado, se construyó una calle sobre el recorrido del arroyo, la actual Avenida Juan B. Justo. En “Palermo de Buenos Aires” (Evaristo Carriego 109), Borges evoca: “Hacia el poniente quedaba la miseria gringa del barrio, su desnudez. […] había callejones de polvo […] Después: el Maldonado, reseco y amarillo zanjón, estirándose sin destino desde la Chacarita y que por un milagro espantoso pasaba de la muerte de sed a las disparatadas extensiones de agua violenta, que arreaban con el rancherío moribundo de las orillas. Hará unos cincuenta años, después de ese irregular zanjón o muerte, empezaba el cielo […] Lo están encarcelando ahora: ese casi infinito flanco de soledad que se acavernaba hace poco, a la vuelta de la truquera confitería La Paloma, será reemplazado por una calle tilinga, de tejas anglizantes. […] Pensándolo, no creo que el Maldonado fuera distinto de otras localidades muy pobres, pero la idea de su chusma, desaforándose en rotos burdeles, a la sombra de la inundación y del fin, mandaba en la imaginación popular.”
tango
French philosopher, 1638-1715, author of La Recherche de la verité
French artist, 1890-1952, leader of the Lyon Dadaist group, editor of the magazine Manomètre and translator of the Borges poem Atardecer that was published there in French in 1923
Lugones poem in Romances del Rio Seco
Argentine playwright, co-author with Nicolás de las Llanderas of Así es la vida and Los tres berretines, 1932, associated with the acting career of Eva Duarte
Aquilino Ribeiro novel, 1958
French poet and critic, 1555-1628
Francis Iles, novel, 1931.
Argentine Philologist (1910-1962), know as a Hispanist Medievalist, member of the Real Academia Española and the Academia Argentina de Letras.
French poet, 1842-1898, author of Hérodiade and other works
Fishburn and Hughes: "A French poet who, together with Paul Verlaine, is regarded as the founder of the Symbolist movement, which had a marked influence in France throughout the twentieth century. Mallarmé also wrote a number of critical essays: his views on writing derive mainly from the principle that the world exists in order to be written about: 'Le monde est fait pour aboutir à un beau livre' ('The world was made to end in a beautiful book', misquoted by Borges as 'Tout aboutit à un livre' (Disc. 121)). This idea is examined by Borges in 'On the Cult of Books' (TL 358). In his escape from reality, Mallarmé was influenced at first by Baudelaire, both poets having lost a parent in early childhood, but Mallarmé turned increasingly to the intellect, rather than the emotions, in his search for an ideal world. He saw the poet's task as feeling and describing the essences beyond reality. To convey this sense of distilled reality, Mallarmé sought to pare down and condense his language: his later poems were often obscure, relying for their structure on the sound and association of the words employed." (124)
Parodi: Stéphane Mallarmé (1842-1898) poeta simbolista y crítico. Para Borges, Mallarmé es del tipo de escritor que “laboriosamente elabora una obra secreta” (“Francisco de Quevedo” 111). Traductor de los poemas de Poe, Mallarmé procuró alcanzar una poesía pura que presupone la participación activa del lector.
Argentine novelist, 1903-82, author of La ciudad junto a rio inmovil, Historia de una pasion argentina and numerous other works
Sarmiento's uncle, whose story is told in Recuerdos de provincia
one of the Balearic isles to the east of the Spanish coast
city in southern Sweden
Fishburn and Hughes: "The third-largest city of Sweden, founded in the twelfth century, an important port on the Öresund Canal." (124)
Spanish Augustinian ascetic writer and preacher, 1530?- 1589
Gomensoro poem
monthly bulletin, organ of the Asociación Aborigenista Argentina, edited by Marcelo Frogman
Parodi: supuesta publicación mensual editada, dirigida y distribuida a domicilio por Marcelo Frogman. El nombre del boletín responde al programa de la Asociación Aborigenista Argentina de defensa de la causa nativista y recuperación del lenguaje autóctono. ‘Malón’ es el término con que se designaban las inesperadas incursiones de los indígenas en el territorio habitado por españoles y criollos. Entre los colaboradores de la publicación se cuenta el hispanista Mario Bonfanti (cf. “Sangiácomo” i §5).
French writer, 1901-76
Hammett novel, 1930
Italian historian and military officer, 1595-1653, author of Tarquin and court historian to Philip IV of Spain
Malvinas islands, in dispute between Britain and Argentina
town in New York
character in Bustos Domecq story
Parodi: sobrina de la dueña de la mercería; mantenía una relación íntima con Simón Fainberg (cf. supra §7).
Carriego poem in La canción del barrio
giant in Don Quijote de la Mancha
US film director, 1897-1987
Menninger, 1938
El hombre y su universo, Langdon-Davies book, 1930
Shaw play, 1903
Wilkie Collins, 1870.
Charles Gordon/Ralph Connor novel, 1901
Hombre ha creado la muerte, Yeats line from the poem Death
Shand poem in Ferment
David Garnett, 1924
Robert Flaherty film, 1934
Willard Huntington Wright naturalist novel, 1916
Poe story, 1840
Twain novel, 1900
Spencer essay on political philosophy, 1884
Edwin Arlington Robinson narrative poem, 1924
Chesterton stories, 1922
Belloc, 1931
Heinlein science fiction novel, 1950
Chesterton novel, 1908
Hombre que fue rey, story by Kipling, 1888
one act play by Francis Sladen-Smith
Cowen novel, 1934
Chesterton story in The Secret of Father Brown
Graham Greene, novel, 1929.
Chesterton, 1912
battlefield in Uruguay
Fishburn and Hughes: "A battle fought in the department of Colonia, Uruguay, on 17 July 1871, when the revolutionary forces led by Timoteo Aparicio were defeated by the army of the president, Lorenzo Batlle." (124)
ranch in Bustos Domecq story
Döblin, 1926
Argentine writer from Gualeguay, b. 1919
region in south central Spain
city in the Midlands in England
Fishburn and Hughes: "The leading commercial city in the north of England during the nineteenth century. The choice of Manchester as the place of publication of Nahum Cordovero's apocryphal work reflects its strong links with Jewish culture and its association with some of the oldest Sephardi families in England." (124)
Eça de Queiroz novel, 1880
putative author of the Voiage of Sir John Maundeville
devil, here mentioned in connection with gaucho folklore
baker, character in Bustos Domecq story
French painter, 1832-1883
Lenormand play, 1922
central part of New York City
Korzybski, 1921
English writer, 1904-1991
Scandinavian moon god
Unamuno poem
Marcus Manilius, Roman poet, fl. 20 A.D., author of a didactic poem on astrology
Cuban rumba about the street cry or pregón of a peanut seller, composed by Moisés Simons, 1889-1945, first recorded in 1926 or 1927 by Rita Montaner
German novelist, 1875-1955
Parodi: nombre que equivale a ‘niño que orina’, un mote que también alude a la hediondez. El ‘Manneken Piss’ es una pequeña estatua de bronce ubicada en la ciudad antigua de Bruselas que representa a un niño orinando en una fuente; data de 1619.
Manequí de mimbre, Anatole France novel, 1896
Kipling poem
English cardinal, 1833-1892, subject of a biography in Strachey's Eminent Victorians
Germanic god
O'Neill characters
character in Borges-Levinson story
reverend, character in Bustos Domecq story
Parodi: supuesto creador en 1941 de un edificio múltiple, el santuario de las Muchas Musas, en “Postdam” [sic]. Potsdam (y no Postdam) es la capital del Estado de Brandeburgo, ubicada a 24 km al sur de Berlín. La mención de Potsdam permite suponer que ‘Manntoifel’ es una versión fonética de un apellido mundialmente famoso durante la segunda Guerra Mundial, el del General Hasso-Eccard barón de Manteuffel (1897-1978), nacido en Potsdam, el alto militar alemán que dirigió los avances de las tropas blindadas del Tercer Reich tanto en el frente ruso como en el norafricano. Fue el comandante de la División Manteuffel durante la ‘Operación Barbarroja’ (1941), nombre de con que Hitler designó el plan de invasión a la Unión Soviética durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
Parodi: alusión a un episodio real de la vida de Enrico Caruso, cuando la “La Mano Negra”, la más antigua asociación mafiosa italiana de América, liderada por el capo Giuseppe Battista Balsamo, le exigió una elevada suma de dinero como ‘protección’ por actuar en el Metropolitan Opera House de Nueva York; Caruso pagó y a esa extorsión siguieron otras; finalmente, la Mafia lo amenazó de muerte. Hasta el año en que murió, Caruso vivió bajo protección policial.
Portuguese king, 1469-1521
Spanish poet, 1440-1479, author of the Coplas a la muerte de su padre
Jorge Manrique's father, the Count of Paredes, 1406-1476
New Zealand-born writer of short fiction, 1888-1923
street in Buenos Aires
Parodi: “en Mansilla, esquina Ecuador”: una intersección cercana al término de la Avenida Alvear, en el barrio de Recoleta.
Argentine writer, colonel and diarist, 1831-1913, author of Excursion a los indios ranqueles, Mis memorias and other works
glacier and river near Bariloche
character in film The Petrified Forest
monster described by Pliny and Flaubert
Fishburn and Hughes: "The Persian form of Parliament of Birds." (124)
Pilar de Lusarreta, 1964.
city in Italy
Written by Federico Barbará
anthology by Borges and Margarita Guerrero, 1953, later revised as the Libro de los seres imaginarios, 1967
Book written by Ciro Bayo in 1931
Kern, 1896
Moulonguet cookbook, 1929
Poe story, 1833
Borges poem added to revised editions of Luna de enfrente
Kipling book of stories, 1893
Italian poet and novelist, 1785-1873, associated with the Risorgimento
Menén Desleal story
Lugones series of poems in El libro de los paisajes
Mexican poet and essayist, 1898-1981, associated with the movement of estridentismo
Machiavelli, Italian author and statesman, 1469-1527, author of the Principe, Discorsi, Arte della guerra and Mandragola
sea god
beach resort in the province of Buenos Aires
Waendelsae, medieval Germanic name for the Mediterranean
city on the Atlantic coast of the province of Buenos Aires
Black Sea
Nepalese god of love
character in Henry Miller's Tropic of Capricorn
French actor and director, 1913-1998
al-Qazwini's Atharu'l-Bilad, a treatise on geography
one of the "libros serios" Aquiles Molinari sees in Abenjaldún's house, series of illustrated books on world geography from about 1900, published by the Editorial Ibérica in Barcelona
Parodi: obra enciclopédica en cuatro gruesos volúmenes lujosamente encuadernados, con ilustraciones en color y fotografías, publicada en Barcelona por la editorial Ibérica, a principios de 1920. Uno de los volúmenes estaba dedicado al continente americano y los otros, a Asia, Europa y Oceanía−África.
Hawthorne romance, 1860
character in El curioso impertinente, the exemplary novel Cervantes inserted in the first part of the Quijote
Ford Madox Ford memoirs and reflections on British literature and culture, his final book, 1938; the title given here is Más fuerte que la espada, which is a pretty creative translation
Argentine painter, 1899-1978, known for his paintings of Buenos Aires and of Argentine landscapes
Uruguayan weekly edited by Carlos Quijano, published from 1939 until 1974
Parodi: célebre semanario uruguayo de temas políticos y culturales. Fundado en 1939 por el abogado, periodista y político Carlos Quijano (1900-1984) y clausurado en 1974. El escritor Juan Carlos Onetti (1909-1994) fue secretario de redacción de la revista entre 1939 y 1941; colaboraba además con una columna cultural, “La piedra en el charco”. Marcha contaba con la sección “Literarias” dedicada a la crítica, que estaba a cargo de Emir Rodríguez Monegal y de Ángel Rama. En 1955, Marcha publicó “La fiesta del monstruo”, que en 1977 fue incluido en Nuevos cuentos de Bustos Domecq. Según el testimonio de Bustos Domecq, supuestamente Marcha publicó críticas muy favorables a las obras de Nierenstein Souza, que fueron editadas por la editorial Probeta.
French explorer and general, 1863-1934
Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm's collection of fairy tales, compiled between 1812 and 1857
Gustav Jungbauer, 1923
town in France near Orleans
Fishburn and Hughes: "A forest near Blois, the scene of numerous battles in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870." (124-25)
part-owner of a meatpacking plant
Marcus Antonius, Roman politician and soldier, 83-30
Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus, Roman emperor and writer, 121-180
Marcus Junius Brutus, assassin of Julius Caesar, c. 85-42
Quevedo historical work, 1631-1644
given the context this would seem to be an invented name, but there is a Teodoro Ernesto Marcó listed in Quien es quien en la Argentina, a politician in Entre Ríos, b. 1911
hotel in the Once neighborhood
Parodi: supuesto hotel; para el Once, cf. “Limardo” i §11.
Gospel of Mark in the New Testament
Character in El frac by Ulises Nobody, El frac, 1961
St. Mark the Evangelist
Fishburn and Hughes: "The author of the second synoptic gospel now considered the earliest of the three and the source of Matthew and Luke. With its sixteen chapters, it is the shortest of the gospels, its power lying in the simple narrative of events in the life of Jesus. Mark may have received his information direct from St Peter, which would account for his immediacy. The gospel was written in Hellenistic Greek, the popular dialect of the eastern Mediterranean. Its purpose is clearly evangelical. It emphasises the dramatic presentation of the passion and resurrection of Jesus as the means of achieving the Kingdom of God." (125)
in medieval dialogues between Solomon and Saturn, the name given to Saturn
Fishburn and Hughes: "A fictional Latin name with the connotation 'flame' and 'red' (Rufus), contrasted with Joseph Cartaphilus, an 'earthen man, with grey eyes and grey beard' (see Christ, The Narrow Act, NY 1969, 206)." (125)
Melville novel, 1849
French physician, 1868-1949, translator of the Arabian Nights
Peyrou, book of short stories, 1967.
Argentine poet, novelist, essayist and playwright, 1900-70, author of Adán Buenosayres and numerous other works
He was a French pediatrician(1858 – 1942).
French pediatrician (1858-1942).
character in Bustos Domecq story
Barrie, 1897, about the author's mother
character in Goethe's Faust
Margaret of Navarre, also called Margarita de Angulema, queen of Navarre, 1492-1549, author of Heptameron
Parodi: “el Heptamerón de la Reina Margarita”: se trata de una colección de relatos escritos por Marguerite d’Angoulême (1492-1549), más conocida como Marguerite de Navarre, que fue princesa de Orleans y reina consorte de Navarra. A semejanza del Decamerón de Boccaccio (cf. infra), en el Heptameron (1540-1549), diez viajeros sorprendidos por una tempestad se refugian en una abadía y durante siete días cuentan historias que comentan los oyentes; el resultado son setenta y dos relatos sobre el tema del amor, que describen y satirizan prácticas eróticas sobre todo de la corte renacentista de Navarra.
French literary critic, author of studies of Erasmus, Rabelais, Flaubert and others
French scholar of China, author of an Anthologie raisonnée de la litterature chinoise, Histoire de la litterature chinoise, Evolution de la prose artistique chinoise and other works
pharmacist, character in Bustos Domecq story
Parodi: supuesto farmacéutico de Burzaco.
Jorge Isaacs novel, 1867
Austrian-born queen of France, 1755-1793
tale from Francisco Espínola’s book Raza ciega
in New Testament, repentant courtesan
in New Testament, mother of Jesus Christ
Argentine theater promoter, 1913-1996, author of Historia del teatro independiente
Miguel Torga story
character in Borges story
Argentine writer, 1893-1946, part of Boedo group, author of Cuentos de la oficina
Argentine film directed by Luis José Bayón Herrera, 1947, based on the 1895 Oscar Wilde play The Ideal Husband
town in West Prussia, now Malbork in Poland
Fishburn and Hughes: "German for Polish Malbork, a town in the Polish province of Gdansk, formerly in East Prussia and closely associated since the thirteenth century with the Teutonic Order." (125)
Wernher's life of the Virgin Mary, 1172, entitled Drei Lieder von der Jungfrau
Marian poetry, a common element of medieval religious poetry in Germany and elsewhere
“no es escrúpulo de Marigargajo”. According to the DRAE (Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy), it is a colloquial adjective which means ridiculous, unfounded, extravagant and non-sense. (Mentioned in Suárez Lynch novella.)
Parodi: “no es escrúpulo de Marigargajo”: “Marigargajo es un personaje proverbial, prototipo de escrúpulos infundados y cochinería, que alardeaba de limpia y escrupulosa, de la que se decía que para saber si el aceite de la sartén estaba caliente, escupía en él. Vive en el dicho Escrúpulo de Marigargajo, o del padre Gargajo, con el significado de escrúpulo infundado, ridículo y falto de razón. Lo mismo se dice de la aseada de Burguillos, otra dama que hacía lo mismo.” (Sánchez 525).
Italian futurist poet, novelist and critic, 1876-1944
Parodi: Filippo Tommaso Marinetti (1876−1944), que en 1909 publicó en París el documento fundador del movimiento futurista (Manifesto del futurismo), al que siguieron el Manifiesto de la literatura futurista (1910), el Manifiesto de los pintores futuristas y el Manifiesto técnico del futurismo (1912) y otros once más. Las doctrinas de Marinetti sobre la literatura y el arte están también expuestas en sus libros Mafarka il futurista (1910), La battaglia di Tripoli (1911) y Parole in libertá (1912). Los postulados del futurismo fueron también adoptados en pintura y escultura, en las artes aplicadas, el teatro, la danza, la moda, el diseño, la fotografía, los juegos onomatopéyicos y tipográficos. Marinetti visitó dos veces la Argentina; en 1926, ocasión en que fue homenajeado por la Revista Martín Fierro, y en 1936, como delegado de Roma al XIV Congreso del PEN Club, realizado en Buenos Aires. Durante esas visitas, organizó en Buenos Aires varias veladas (las “seratas futuristas”). Sus ideas políticas de exaltación belicista y sus simpatías por el fascismo de Mussolini dieron ocasión a enfrentamientos con intelectuales locales; expuso esas convicciones en Democrazia futurista (1919) y Futurismo e fascismo (1924). Sobre Marinetti, cf. también “Toros” i §§2 y 5; iii §8.
Italian poet, 1569-1625, author of Adone
town in Virginia
French philosopher, 1882-1973
prostitute mistaken for damsel in distress by Don Quijote
Saga of the Virgin Mary, c.1200
Walter Pater novel, 1885
DeVoto biography, 1932
Stevenson novella, 1887
Old Norse name for Newfoundland
12th century Icelandic poet, known as Markus the Lawman
first Duke of Marlborough, 1650-1772
character in Conrad
English dramatist and poet, 1564-1593, author of Doctor Faustus, Tamburlaine, The Jew of Malta and other works
English waiter who wrote a 1937 memoir "Coming, Sir!
Argentine poet, novelist and politician, 1817-1871, author of Amalia, Cantos de peregrino and other works
Fernández Irala book of poems
title for royal architect, position held by John Gibbon, Edward Gibbon's father
river in France, site of major battle in the First World War
Arolas tango
US novelist, 1893-1960, author of The Late George Apley and other works
scholar of Norse poetry, author of Die Altenglischen Kenningar, 1938
islands in the south Pacific
city in Morocco
Fishburn and Hughes: "A town in Morocco, one of the residences of the Sultan. In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries it was the North African capital of the Almohad dynasty, under whose rule it enjoyed a temporary flowering of culture. Averroes spent some years of exile in Marrakesh." (125)
Blake prose work, 1790
Morocco
Fishburn and Hughes: "Arabic for 'farthest west', Morocco was a sultanate in north-west Africa inhabited by Arabs, Berbers, Europeans and Jews. It was conquered by the Arabs in the seventh century and by the Almohads in the twelfth and thirteenth." (135)
English sea-captain and novelist, 1792-1848
Marseilles, port city in southern France
English translator of Hermann Keyserling
English painter, d. 1940, wife of David Garnett
British historian, 1602-1685, author of Canon chronicus aegyptiacus, ebraicus, graecus
the planet Mars
Mars, Roman god of war
Fishburn and Hughes: "The Roman god of war." (125)
Danish theologian, 1808-1884, author of works on Christian ethics and dogma, and of a life of Jakob Boehme
Fishburn and Hughes: "A Danish theologian, bishop and court preacher, author of several treatises on Christian ethics and dogma revealing a strong interest in theosophy. Martensen also wrote a sketch on the life of Jakob Boehme." (125-26)
Cuban poet, novelist, journalist and political figure, 1853-1895, author of Versos sencillos, Ismaelillo, Versos libres and other works
Parodi: alusión al político, periodista, ensayista, poeta y revolucionario cubano, celebrado como el padre de la independencia de su país.
Bradbury science fiction novel, 1950
French town
Dickens novel, 1843-44
French author, 1881-1958, author of Jean Barois and L'Été 1914
Jack London, novel, 1909.
Hernández gauchesque poem, published in two parts, El gaucho Martín Fierro, 1872, and La vuelta de Martín Fierro, 1879
Fishburn and Hughes: see Fierro, Martín
Argentine literary magazine founded by Evar Méndez, 1924-27
Literary study written by Vicente Rossi
Argentine writer, author of Una mujer fronteriza, 1924, and El tiempo, 1924
reference to Quinquela Martín
suburb in northern Buenos Aires
Argentine poet and essayist, 1895-1964, author of Radiografía de la pampa, Muerte y transfiguración de Martín Fierro and other works
Fishburn and Hughes: "A prolific Argentine writer whose work reflects a deep concern with his country's development. Radiografía de la Pampa (1933) describes the changes that took place in Argentina in the early 1930s under fascist rule. La cabeza de Goliath (1940) examines the relationship of Buenos Aires to the rest of the country. Muerte y transfiguración del Martín Fierro (2 vols, 1948) is regarded as an outstanding work of literary criticism." (126)
Argentine poet and journalist, 1910-1968
friend of the narrator of the story El soborno, the Spanish literary scholar, 1907-2011, a disciple of Américo Castro and professor at the University of Texas for many years until 1971